对于
一. 表示“使/让……”概念的动词
这类动词常见的有:have, let, make, get, keep, drive, send, leave, force, cause等.它们后边分别可跟不定式,分词,形容词、介词短语,名词等作宾语补足语。
例如:I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long.对不起,让你久等了。
The victory sent our spirits rising.胜利使得我们情绪高涨。
二. 不定式做宾补,不定式符号可以省略的动词
常见的有;see, watch, hear, observe, feel, notice, listen to, llook at等感官动词及表示使役概念的have,let,mak等。这类词在变为被动语态时,其后不定式符号 to常补出。
例如:We are made to work far into the night.我们被迫干活到深夜。注:在这种结构中,watch,have,let一般不变为被动语态。如: The boy was watched to come out。(误)
三. 不定式作宾语补足语,其后内容省略而只保留不定式符号的动词
此类动词常见的有:refuse,want,intend,oblige,mean,expect,tell,hope,like,love,plan,try, prefer,wish等。
例如:-----Why did you cause the baby cry?
-----I did n't mean to.
四. 引导宾语从句用虚拟预期的动词
这类动词在引导宾语从句时常用:should+动词原形,should可以省略,常见的有:order,demend,suggest,insist,require,advise,decide,propose等。
例如:He orderd that we should do it at once.他要求我们立即完成这项工作。
He adviced we should do more speaking practising inorder to improve ourEnglish.他建议我们要想提高
五. 形式主动、意义被动的动词
常见的有:work,open,close,write,cut,look,teach,operate,run,keep,burn,last等。此类词的主语常为物。而且还常与表示特征、状况、行为、方式的副词well,easily,long等连用。
例如:The clothing sells well.
This kind of fruit can keep long.
六. 充当系动词的行为动词
这类动词不能单独构成动词词组,其后须带有表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语,不定式,V-ing,V-ed)构成系表结构,常见的有feel, sound, taste, look, smell, seem, appear, become, turn, grow, make, go, run, keep, stay, prove等。
例如:It sounded like a train that was going under my house.听起来,象有火车在楼下飞驰而过。
Keep fit,study hard and wok well.身体好,学习好,工作好。
七. 只接动名词作宾语的动词
此类动词常见的有: apprecate, adcice,suggest, compiete,finish,consider,enjoy,imagine,mind,miss,practise,keep,delay,risk,excuse,resist,avoid,escape,admit,forgive,permit,require,prevent,pardon, allow等。
例如:I appreciate her devoting herself to the cause of education.我非常钦佩她献身教育的精神。
Do you mind my asking a question?我问你一个问题你不介意吧?
八. 既可接现在分词又可接过去分词作宾补的动词
此类动词常见的有:get,keep,have,leave,find,see,notice,hear等。
例如:The two cheats had the lighes burning all night long. Yesday XiaoMing had his hair cut,I hardly recognized him.
九. 构成固定短语的“短语动词”
此类动词在
例如:We must look into the matter immediately.
我们必须马上调查此事。
The old should learn form the young and keep up with.
老年人应向青年人学习,跟上时代发展的步伐。
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